1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
3 <title>GNU General Public License</title>
4 <para>Version 2, June 1991</para>
5 <para>Copyright 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</para>
7 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
8 Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
11 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
12 license document, but changing it is not allowed.
14 <para>Version 2, June 1991</para>
16 <title>Preamble</title>
18 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
19 freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
20 License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change
21 free software - to make sure the software is free for all its users.
22 This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
23 Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit
24 to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered
25 by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it
26 to your programs, too.
28 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price.
29 Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the
30 freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this
31 service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
32 want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free
33 programs; and that you know you can do these things.
35 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone
36 to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. These
37 restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
38 distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
40 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis
41 or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have.
42 You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code.
43 And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
45 We protect your rights with two steps:
50 copyright the software, and
55 offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
56 distribute and/or modify the software.
61 Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that
62 everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If
63 the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its
64 recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any
65 problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors'
69 Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents.
70 We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will
71 individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program
72 proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must
73 be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
76 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
81 <title>TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION</title>
83 <title>Section 0</title>
85 This License applies to any program or other work which contains a
86 notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
87 under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
88 refers to any such program or work, and a
89 <quote>work based on the Program
91 the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say,
92 a work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or
93 with modifications and/or translated into another language.
94 (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the term
96 </quote>.) Each licensee is addressed as <quote>you</quote>.
99 Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
100 covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running
101 the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program is
102 covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program
103 (independent of having been made by running the Program). Whether that
104 is true depends on what the Program does.
108 <title>Section 1</title>
110 You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source
111 code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously
112 and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice
113 and disclaimer of warranty;
114 keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the
115 absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program
116 a copy of this License along with the Program.
119 You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
120 you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
124 <title>Section 2</title>
126 You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it,
127 thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such
128 modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided
129 that you also meet all of these conditions:</para>
133 You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
134 stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
139 You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
140 whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
141 part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
142 parties under the terms of this License.
147 If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
148 when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
149 interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
150 announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
151 notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you
152 provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program
153 under these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy
160 If the Program itself is interactive but does not normally
161 print such an announcement, your work based on the Program
162 is not required to print an announcement.)
168 These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
169 identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
170 and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
171 themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
172 sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
173 distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
174 on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
175 this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
176 entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote
180 Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
181 your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
182 exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
183 collective works based on the Program.
186 In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
187 with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
188 a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
189 the scope of this License.
196 You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under
197 Section 2 in object code or executable form under the terms of
198 Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
203 Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
204 source code, which must be distributed under the terms of
205 Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software
211 Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
212 years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
213 cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
214 machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
215 distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
216 customarily used for software interchange; or,
221 Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to
222 distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
223 allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
224 received the program in object code or executable form with such
225 an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
230 The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
231 making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
232 code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
233 associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to control
234 compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a special
235 exception, the source code distributed need not include anything that
236 is normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the
237 major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system
238 on which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies
242 If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
243 access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access
244 to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of
245 the source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy
246 the source along with the object code.
253 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except
254 as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to
255 copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will
256 automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
257 parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
258 License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties
259 remain in full compliance.
266 You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed
267 it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute
268 the Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by
269 law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying
270 or distributing the Program (or any work based on the Program), you
271 indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and all its terms
272 and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or
280 Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
281 Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
282 original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject
283 to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
284 restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
285 You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
293 If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
294 infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
295 conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
296 otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
297 excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
298 distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
299 License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence
300 you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
301 license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
302 all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
303 the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be
304 to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
307 If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
308 any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
309 apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
313 It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
314 patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
315 such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
316 integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
317 implemented by public license practices. Many people have made generous
318 contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that
319 system in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up
320 to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute
321 software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that
325 This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
326 be a consequence of the rest of this License.
333 If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain
334 countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original
335 copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an
336 explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those
337 countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries
338 not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the
339 limitation as if written in the body of this License.
346 The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
347 of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
348 be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail
349 to address new problems or concerns.
352 Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
353 specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and
354 "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and
355 conditions either of that version or of any later version published by
356 the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version
357 number of this License, you may choose any version ever published by
358 the Free Software Foundation.
365 If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
366 programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the
367 author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted
368 by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation;
369 we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by
370 the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our
371 free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software
376 <title>NO WARRANTY Section 11
379 BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
380 FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
381 OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
382 PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
383 EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
384 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
385 THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS
386 WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
387 ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
394 IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
395 WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
396 REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR
397 DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL
398 DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM
399 (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED
400 INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF
401 THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR
402 OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
404 <para>END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
409 <title>How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
412 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
413 possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
414 free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
418 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
419 to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
420 convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
421 the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
424 <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it
426 Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
429 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
430 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
431 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
432 (at your option) any later version.
435 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
436 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
437 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
438 GNU General Public License for more details.
441 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
442 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
443 Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301
447 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
450 If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
451 when it starts in an interactive mode:
454 Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
455 Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
456 This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
457 under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
460 The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the
461 appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands
462 you use may be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they
463 could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
466 You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
467 school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
468 necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
471 Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
472 `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
475 <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
476 Ty Coon, President of Vice
479 This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
480 into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
481 may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications
482 with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library
483 General Public License instead of this License.